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== Welcome to AmigaOS == |
== Welcome to AmigaOS == |
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| + | AmigaOS was born in 1985 and delivered what contemporary personal computer operating systems could only dream of. As the first "multimedia" operating system, it was trivial for AmigaOS computers to display animations while playing music and reading data from disks. Such multimedia and multitasking finesse drew many people to this system. Some of them are famous: [https://www.warhol.org/exhibition/warhol-and-the-amiga/ Andy Warhol], Sir Arthur C. Clarke, [http://www.polyphoto.com/upchug/AEcastro.html NASA], Hollywood and the TV broadcasting industry, and many others that thought [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PWeO5IkCssk only Amiga makes it possible]. |
||
| − | AmigaOS is an operating system pretty easy to understand. Of course you need to learn some basic concepts. This documentation will provide these and your imagination will do the rest. |
||
| + | Today many people still think AmigaOS has something special that makes it more interesting and rewarding than other systems. This system allows the user to control the computer, not the other way around. It is a system you fully understand that is easier and more flexible to use. In other words, AmigaOS is '''more fun'''. |
||
| − | AmigaOS exists since 1985. At this time it was an operating system ahead of all others i.e. it could do what others could only dream of. It was the first system that could display animations while playing music and while doing this it could still read data from disks, all at the same time. This is why many people/organisation used this great system. Some of them are famous: [http://www.amigahistory.co.uk/warhol.html Andy Warhol], the [http://www.polyphoto.com/upchug/AEcastro.html NASA], the Hollywood and the TV broadcasting industries and many others that thought [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PWeO5IkCssk only Amiga makes it possible]. |
||
| + | === AmigaOS: The flexible operating system === |
||
| − | Today many people still think AmigaOS has something special that makes it more interesting than other systems. A system that allows the user to control its computer, not the other way around. A system you fully understand, easier and more flexible to use, in other words '''more fun'''. |
||
| + | AmigaOS is an operating system: a collection of efficient programs written to start the computer, let the user control the computer, and present feedback to the user. |
||
| + | AmigaOS is designed with ease of use and flexibility in mind. To begin with, AmigaOS provides a clear view of your computer, your applications and files. A number of methods are available to let your computer serve you, whether graphically with a mouse, using the "Shell" command line, or by some other means the user prefers. |
||
| − | == Some AmigaOS features == |
||
| − | Here are some of the features of AmigaOS that make easy to control your computer. Some of these concepts were copied by other operating systems which tend to show they are the correct way of doing things. |
||
| + | AmigaOS strives to avoid stupid limitations that can be found on other systems. AmigaOS users can organise their files the way they like. There are few limits on file hierarchy, locations and file names. Drives don't have to be named with a letter or cryptic names (such as C:, or sda1), your files don't have to reside in your "Documents" folder and your hard drives aren't hidden from you. If you're not writing to drives and you want to "shut down", why wait for the OS to allow that? With AmigaOS, just hit the power switch. Done. |
||
| + | An Amiga does not start with pre-installed applications serving some sales conglomerate, marketing organization or their big brother. AmigaOS does not do actions behind the user's back. As unique as it is today, the AmigaOS computer serves the user and not the other way around. With one of the largest proportions of user-programmers around, the trustworthy AmigaOS user-friendly ethic is mirrored in AmigaOS applications. |
||
| − | * Small footprint: AmigaOS can work with 64 MB of memory. On disk, a default installation takes around 200 MB only. |
||
| + | Since the first versions more than twenty-five years ago, AmigaOS has also been designed to serve efficiently. Optimizing applications and OS code has always been the goal of programmers and developers of this operating system. The result is an operating system and applications that take less space on your hard drives, waste less time loading, consume less memory, require less processing power, and respond more quickly to the user. |
||
| − | * Restart only the operating system: if you feel the need to restart the system, you can do so restarting '''only the operating system''' and not the whole computer. |
||
| + | And every update of AmigaOS doesn't demand you must buy newer, more powerful hardware. AmigaOS currently runs on twenty year old 200MHz computers or brand new dual core 1,800MHz computers. It's the user's choice how they want to '''enjoy''' AmigaOS. |
||
| − | * Full name directories (Fonts, Libs...): if you browse the AmigaOS system disk, you'll see easy to understand names: Classes, Libs, Fonts, Prefs, Storage...etc. |
||
| + | === Some AmigaOS features === |
||
| − | * File recognition based on their content: you can name a file '''whatever you want''', even without an extension. Examples: "my file" or "picture of Jay in Santa Clara". There is no need to add an extension to explain what the file is, like ".txt" or ".jpg". AmigaOS really examines the '''file content''' to recognise what type of file it is. |
||
| + | Here are some of the features of AmigaOS that make it easy to control your computer. Some of these concepts were copied by other operating systems which tend to show they are the correct way of doing things. |
||
| + | * '''Small footprint:''' AmigaOS can work with 64 MB of memory. On disk, a default installation only takes around 200 MB. The smaller footprint translates into a more responsive user experience given any hardware. |
||
| − | * Ram disk concept: on AmigaOS there is a special disk called the '''Ram disk''' which represents a part of your computer memory. This area is not fixed. It automatically grows whenever you store files in it. |
||
| + | * '''Straightforward operating system design:''' With a clear layout and easy to understand names (Classes, Libs, Fonts, Prefs, Storage, etc.), you can easily understand what everything in AmigaOS is and what it does for you. Nothing is hidden from the user and the user is not restricted by AmigaOS. |
||
| − | * Command line and graphic interface tied together: both the command line interface (where you type commands with the keyboard) and the graphical user interface (GUI) are tied together. You can easily use command lines from the GUI or open graphical elements from a command line. |
||
| + | *'''User configurable graphic interface:''' Using the provided "preferences editors," the user can dramatically reconfigure how AmigaOS looks, sounds, runs and responds to every user whim. |
||
| − | * Commands can be made resident i.e. they are kept in memory so that they can be reused with no loading time. |
||
| + | * '''File recognition based on file content:''' You can name a file '''whatever you want''', even without an extension. Examples: "my file" or "picture of Jay in Santa Clara". There is no need to add an extension to explain what the file is, like ".txt" or ".jpg". AmigaOS really examines the '''file content''' to recognise what type of file it is. |
||
| − | == What is AmigaOS? == |
||
| + | * '''Logical assignments:''' Easily set and use logical names names for directories located anywhere on your system. For example, "Auto:" can point to your directory "car show pictures" buried on your media drive. |
||
| − | AmigaOS concepts are described here. You will learn how to operate your computer via the command line interface (using your keyboard) or using the graphical environment, the [[UserDoc:Workbench|Workbench]], by using your mouse. |
||
| + | * '''Ram disk concept:''' On AmigaOS there is a special disk called the '''Ram disk''' which represents a part of your computer memory. This area is not fixed. It automatically grows whenever you store files in it. For example, it's a great place to unpack files to install from there, greatly speeding up the installation. |
||
| + | * '''Command line and graphical user interfaces:''' Both the the graphical user interface (GUI) and command line interface (where you type commands into a window with the keyboard) can be used to manage AmigaOS, its programs and files. Both interfaces are intergated with each other so you can easily use command lines from the GUI or open graphical elements from a command line. |
||
| − | === Introduction === |
||
| + | *'''ARexx Ports:''' Throughout AmigaOS and third party programs, "ARexx" message ports let one application talk with others so that apps work together to serve the user. AmigaOS also provides the lightweight ARexx and modern Python programming languages that can control AmigaOS and applications with ARexx ports. |
||
| − | In order to explain what is AmigaOS and how it works, we need to start with basic concepts like "what is an operating system?", "what is a file?"...etc. |
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| − | Although you may be familiar with these concepts, this manual needs to stay accessible to all audiences and it's important to start with the basics. Also as some concepts vary a bit from an operating system to another, it may be an interesting read for skilled people as well. |
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| + | * '''Resident Commands:''' Commands can be made resident, i.e., they are kept in memory so that they can be reused with no loading time. |
||
| − | In this section, you will find: |
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| − | * what is AmigaOS |
||
| − | * an explanation of what AmigaOS is made of |
||
| − | * what is the Shell |
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| − | * what is the Workbench |
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| − | * how AmigaOS is booted on your Amiga computer |
||
| − | * ... |
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| + | * '''Restart only the operating system:''' if you feel the need to restart the system, you can do so by restarting '''only AmigaOS''' and not the whole computer. |
||
| − | All details here will be described in general. In order to fully understand everything you will need to read the [[AmigaDOS manual]] and the [[UserDoc:Workbench|Workbench page]] below. |
||
| + | |||
| + | === AmigaOS platform targets === |
||
| + | |||
| + | While the original versions of AmigaOS ran on computers of the eighties using Motorola 68k series CPU chips, the current AmigaOS runs on computers using PowerPC processor chips [http://www.amigaos.net/content/72/supported-hardware hardware]. These can be older Amiga computers (also called "Classic Amigas") with PPC "accelerator cards" or new generation Amiga PPC computers. |
||
| + | |||
| + | In this guide, we will concentrate on the current AmigaOS running on the [[AmigaOS_Platforms|supported hardware]]. |
||
| + | |||
| + | == How does AmigaOS work? - Concepts == |
||
| + | |||
| + | In this page we will discuss [[UserDoc:How AmigaOS Works|how AmigaOS works]]: |
||
| + | |||
| + | * [[UserDoc:How_AmigaOS_Works#The_most_important_components|The most important components]] (Exec, AmigaDOS, Intuition...) |
||
| + | * [[UserDoc:How_AmigaOS_Works#How_is_my_data_stored.3F|how files and data are stored]] |
||
| + | * [[UserDoc:How_AmigaOS_Works#All_AmigaOS_components|all AmigaOS components are described]] |
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| + | * [[UserDoc:How_AmigaOS_Works#AmigaOS_boot_procedure|how AmigaOS is booted on your Amiga computer]] |
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| + | * [[Workbench/Prefs|AmigaOS settings programs]] |
||
| + | * ... |
||
| + | == How to use AmigaOS? == |
||
| − | Now let's start with this [[UserDoc:Introduction to AmigaOS|introduction to AmigaOS]]. |
||
| + | AmigaOS is a collection of components that oversee the computer hardware & data and provide the user with easy, understandable tools to manage and use them. |
||
| − | === AmigaDOS === |
||
| + | In the following [[UserDoc:Introduction to AmigaOS|Introduction to AmigaOS pages]] we will discuss the basic concepts: |
||
| − | A lot of beginners are rather confused by the differences between the terms "AmigaDOS" and "Shell". Some people think they just use the Shell whereas they are using AmigaDOS commands in a shell window. |
||
| + | * how to use AmigaOS |
||
| + | * what the AmigaOS graphic user interface is composed of |
||
| + | * what interfaces AmigaOS provides, including the [[UserDoc:Workbench|Workbench]], the [[UserDoc:Shell|Shell]] or scripting languages. |
||
| + | From the introduction page, you can continue with more detailed pages on the [[UserDoc:Workbench|Workbench]] and the [[AmigaDOS manual]] . Now let's start with this [[UserDoc:Introduction to AmigaOS|Introduction to AmigaOS]]. |
||
| − | DOS was originally an acronym for "Disk Operating System". Some say it |
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| − | should be "Disk Based Operating System" as it does a lot more than operate |
||
| − | a disk and that it was really an operating system based (stored) on disks. Some say it should be "Device Operating System". |
||
| + | == Manuals == |
||
| − | The whole AmigaDOS system includes things such as: |
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| + | [[AmigaOS Manual]] - AmigaOS Manual |
||
| − | * A set of commands that can be used in the Shell window and elsewhere. |
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| − | * A system for saving data to disk and retrieving it from disk. |
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| − | * A system for filing data on disks. |
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| − | * An interface for peripherals such as keyboards, monitors, printers, etc. |
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| − | * A method of running programs |
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| − | * A multitasking system for running more than one program at a time. |
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| − | * etc. etc. etc. |
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| + | [[Bars & Pipes Professional]] - MIDI Sequencer |
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| − | Read the [[AmigaDOS manual]] to understand and learn everything about AmigaDOS. |
||
| + | == Applications == |
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| − | === The Workbench, the graphical environment === |
||
| + | [[AmigaOS Applications]] - A sampling of AmigaOS applications available in a variety of categories. |
||
| − | Introduction to the Workbench and link to its [[UserDoc:Workbench|page]]. |
||
Latest revision as of 04:48, 25 December 2020
Contents
Welcome to AmigaOS
AmigaOS was born in 1985 and delivered what contemporary personal computer operating systems could only dream of. As the first "multimedia" operating system, it was trivial for AmigaOS computers to display animations while playing music and reading data from disks. Such multimedia and multitasking finesse drew many people to this system. Some of them are famous: Andy Warhol, Sir Arthur C. Clarke, NASA, Hollywood and the TV broadcasting industry, and many others that thought only Amiga makes it possible.
Today many people still think AmigaOS has something special that makes it more interesting and rewarding than other systems. This system allows the user to control the computer, not the other way around. It is a system you fully understand that is easier and more flexible to use. In other words, AmigaOS is more fun.
AmigaOS: The flexible operating system
AmigaOS is an operating system: a collection of efficient programs written to start the computer, let the user control the computer, and present feedback to the user.
AmigaOS is designed with ease of use and flexibility in mind. To begin with, AmigaOS provides a clear view of your computer, your applications and files. A number of methods are available to let your computer serve you, whether graphically with a mouse, using the "Shell" command line, or by some other means the user prefers.
AmigaOS strives to avoid stupid limitations that can be found on other systems. AmigaOS users can organise their files the way they like. There are few limits on file hierarchy, locations and file names. Drives don't have to be named with a letter or cryptic names (such as C:, or sda1), your files don't have to reside in your "Documents" folder and your hard drives aren't hidden from you. If you're not writing to drives and you want to "shut down", why wait for the OS to allow that? With AmigaOS, just hit the power switch. Done.
An Amiga does not start with pre-installed applications serving some sales conglomerate, marketing organization or their big brother. AmigaOS does not do actions behind the user's back. As unique as it is today, the AmigaOS computer serves the user and not the other way around. With one of the largest proportions of user-programmers around, the trustworthy AmigaOS user-friendly ethic is mirrored in AmigaOS applications.
Since the first versions more than twenty-five years ago, AmigaOS has also been designed to serve efficiently. Optimizing applications and OS code has always been the goal of programmers and developers of this operating system. The result is an operating system and applications that take less space on your hard drives, waste less time loading, consume less memory, require less processing power, and respond more quickly to the user.
And every update of AmigaOS doesn't demand you must buy newer, more powerful hardware. AmigaOS currently runs on twenty year old 200MHz computers or brand new dual core 1,800MHz computers. It's the user's choice how they want to enjoy AmigaOS.
Some AmigaOS features
Here are some of the features of AmigaOS that make it easy to control your computer. Some of these concepts were copied by other operating systems which tend to show they are the correct way of doing things.
- Small footprint: AmigaOS can work with 64 MB of memory. On disk, a default installation only takes around 200 MB. The smaller footprint translates into a more responsive user experience given any hardware.
- Straightforward operating system design: With a clear layout and easy to understand names (Classes, Libs, Fonts, Prefs, Storage, etc.), you can easily understand what everything in AmigaOS is and what it does for you. Nothing is hidden from the user and the user is not restricted by AmigaOS.
- User configurable graphic interface: Using the provided "preferences editors," the user can dramatically reconfigure how AmigaOS looks, sounds, runs and responds to every user whim.
- File recognition based on file content: You can name a file whatever you want, even without an extension. Examples: "my file" or "picture of Jay in Santa Clara". There is no need to add an extension to explain what the file is, like ".txt" or ".jpg". AmigaOS really examines the file content to recognise what type of file it is.
- Logical assignments: Easily set and use logical names names for directories located anywhere on your system. For example, "Auto:" can point to your directory "car show pictures" buried on your media drive.
- Ram disk concept: On AmigaOS there is a special disk called the Ram disk which represents a part of your computer memory. This area is not fixed. It automatically grows whenever you store files in it. For example, it's a great place to unpack files to install from there, greatly speeding up the installation.
- Command line and graphical user interfaces: Both the the graphical user interface (GUI) and command line interface (where you type commands into a window with the keyboard) can be used to manage AmigaOS, its programs and files. Both interfaces are intergated with each other so you can easily use command lines from the GUI or open graphical elements from a command line.
- ARexx Ports: Throughout AmigaOS and third party programs, "ARexx" message ports let one application talk with others so that apps work together to serve the user. AmigaOS also provides the lightweight ARexx and modern Python programming languages that can control AmigaOS and applications with ARexx ports.
- Resident Commands: Commands can be made resident, i.e., they are kept in memory so that they can be reused with no loading time.
- Restart only the operating system: if you feel the need to restart the system, you can do so by restarting only AmigaOS and not the whole computer.
AmigaOS platform targets
While the original versions of AmigaOS ran on computers of the eighties using Motorola 68k series CPU chips, the current AmigaOS runs on computers using PowerPC processor chips hardware. These can be older Amiga computers (also called "Classic Amigas") with PPC "accelerator cards" or new generation Amiga PPC computers.
In this guide, we will concentrate on the current AmigaOS running on the supported hardware.
How does AmigaOS work? - Concepts
In this page we will discuss how AmigaOS works:
- The most important components (Exec, AmigaDOS, Intuition...)
- how files and data are stored
- all AmigaOS components are described
- how AmigaOS is booted on your Amiga computer
- AmigaOS settings programs
- ...
How to use AmigaOS?
AmigaOS is a collection of components that oversee the computer hardware & data and provide the user with easy, understandable tools to manage and use them.
In the following Introduction to AmigaOS pages we will discuss the basic concepts:
- how to use AmigaOS
- what the AmigaOS graphic user interface is composed of
- what interfaces AmigaOS provides, including the Workbench, the Shell or scripting languages.
From the introduction page, you can continue with more detailed pages on the Workbench and the AmigaDOS manual . Now let's start with this Introduction to AmigaOS.
Manuals
AmigaOS Manual - AmigaOS Manual
Bars & Pipes Professional - MIDI Sequencer
Applications
AmigaOS Applications - A sampling of AmigaOS applications available in a variety of categories.
